Generally, the organization of JG 1 followed the standard Luftwaffe organization for any typical wing ( Geschwader). See also: Organization of the Luftwaffe during World War II On 5 January 1942, Schumacher handed over command to Major Erich von Selle to become commander of the fighter forces for Luftflotte 5 ( Jagdfliegerführer Norwegen). Their operational area stretched from the Netherlands to Southern Norway. Its commander was Oberstleutnant Carl-August Schumacher.
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JG 1's role was to provide air cover over a large portion of the North Sea coastline. Seven months later, on 7 December 1940 a new unit I./JG 1 was formed at Jever out of several defensive units based on the North Sea coast. This temporarily dissolved JG 1 as a unit. However, on, just before the invasion of France and the Low Countries, I./JG 1 was merged with Jagdgeschwader 27 (JG 27-27th Fighter Wing) and renamed III./JG 27. The high-profile and most senior home front wing, JG 2 "Richthofen" had coveted that designation, but was left in "second place".
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Gruppe of Jagdgeschwader 130 (JG 130-130th Fighter Wing) was given the designation I./JG 1. As a result, a large number of units were re-designated and many command title changes took place. In May 1939, the organisation of the Luftwaffe was changed. 3.5 Frontline and Defence of the Reich: 1944.3.2 Battles in Belgium, France and disbandment.3.1 Battle of the Heligoland Bight, Phoney War.JG 1 suffered 464 killed in action, 174 wounded in action, 94 killed in accidents, and 16 prisoners of war. In the last days of the war, it became the only unit to be equipped with the Heinkel He 162 jet fighter. The wing fought in the Battle of Bulge and Operation Bodenplatte which severely reduced it.
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JG 1 suffered heavy losses over France and had to be rebuilt. After D-Day, elements of JG 1 were moved to France and were tasked with air support to the German Army ( Heer) along with their air defence role. The unit was rarely engaged in large-scale confrontations during this time.įrom late 1942 onwards it was tasked with Defence of the Reich (German: Reichsverteidigung) operations. During the initial days of the war, JG 1 faced little resistance, apart from occasional Royal Air Force (RAF) excursions. Between 19, JG 1 operated primarily over the Western Front and northern occupied Europe. Jagdgeschwader 1 (JG 1) "Oesau" was a German World War II fighter wing created in 1939.